Recombinant Proteins

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Product List

SH2D1A Human

SH2 domain containing 1A Human Recombinant

SH2D1A Human Recombinant fused with a 20 amino acid His tag at N-terminus produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 148 amino acids (1-128 a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 16.3kDa. The SH2D1A is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT25376
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
Sterile Filtered colorless solution.

SH2D1B Human

SH2 domain containing 1B Human Recombinant

SH2D1B Human Recombinant produced in Sf9 Baculovirus cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 141 amino acids (1-132a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 16.4kDa (Molecular size on SDS-PAGE will appear at approximately 18-28kDa). SH2D1B is expressed with a 6 amino acid His tag at C-Terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT25464
Source
Sf9, Baculovirus cells.
Appearance
Sterile filtered colorless solution.

Introduction

Definition and Classification

The Src Homology 2 (SH2) domain is a structurally conserved protein domain found in many intracellular signal-transducing proteins. It typically consists of approximately 100 amino acids and is characterized by a central antiparallel β-sheet flanked by two α-helices . SH2 domains are primarily known for their ability to bind to phosphorylated tyrosine residues on other proteins, thereby modifying the function or activity of the SH2-containing protein . These domains are especially common in adaptor proteins that aid in the signal transduction of receptor tyrosine kinase pathways .

Biological Properties

Key Biological Properties: SH2 domains are pivotal in cell signaling due to their ability to recognize and bind phosphorylated tyrosine residues . This post-translational modification is a key regulator of numerous physiological and molecular pathways in eukaryotic cells .

Expression Patterns and Tissue Distribution: SH2 domains are found in over 100 human proteins and are conserved across a wide range of organisms . They are not present in yeast and appear at the boundary between protozoa and animalia . A detailed bioinformatic examination reveals 120 SH2 domains contained within 115 proteins encoded by the human genome .

Biological Functions

Primary Biological Functions: SH2 domains play a crucial role in signal transduction by binding to phosphorylated tyrosine residues, thereby facilitating protein-protein interactions that govern various cellular functions .

Role in Immune Responses and Pathogen Recognition: SH2 domains are involved in immune responses by mediating the signaling pathways of receptor tyrosine kinases, which are essential for the activation and regulation of immune cells .

Modes of Action

Mechanisms with Other Molecules and Cells: SH2 domains bind to phosphotyrosine-containing peptides through a strictly conserved Arg residue that pairs with the negatively charged phosphate on the phosphotyrosine . This interaction is central to the propagation of signaling by receptor and non-receptor tyrosine kinases .

Binding Partners and Downstream Signaling Cascades: The binding of an SH2 domain to its cognate tyrosine-phosphorylated target links receptor activation to downstream signaling, both to the nucleus to regulate gene expression and throughout the cytoplasm of the cell .

Regulatory Mechanisms

Regulatory Mechanisms Controlling Expression and Activity: The expression and activity of SH2 domains are regulated by various mechanisms, including transcriptional regulation and post-translational modifications . Tyrosine phosphorylation, a key post-translational modification, is primarily mediated by protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) and is crucial for the regulation of numerous molecular and physiological pathways .

Applications

Biomedical Research: SH2 domains are extensively used in protein engineering to create protein assemblies and study protein-protein interactions .

Diagnostic Tools and Therapeutic Strategies: SH2 domains have applications in diagnostics and therapeutics due to their role in signal transduction pathways. They are used in affinity-purification coupled to mass spectrometry (AP-MS) experiments, microscopy, and synthetic biology .

Role in the Life Cycle

Role Throughout the Life Cycle: SH2 domains play a significant role throughout the life cycle, from development to aging and disease. They are involved in various cellular processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and response to external stimuli . Dysregulation of SH2 domain-mediated interactions can lead to several pathologies, highlighting their importance in maintaining cellular homeostasis .

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