Recombinant Proteins

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POLR2C Human

Polymerase (RNA) II (DNA directed) Polypeptide C Human Recombinant

Recombinant human POLR2C protein was expressed in E. coli. This protein is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 298 amino acids (residues 1-275) with a molecular weight of 33.8 kDa. POLR2C has a 23 amino acid His-tag fused to the N-terminus and is purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT4723
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
Clear, colorless and sterile-filtered solution.

POLR2H Human

Polymerase (RNA) II (DNA directed) Polypeptide H Human Recombinant

Recombinant POLR2H, produced in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain consisting of 173 amino acids (specifically, amino acids 1 to 150). It has a molecular weight of 19.5 kDa. This protein is fused with a 23 amino acid His-tag at the N-terminus and purified using proprietary chromatographic methods.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT4780
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
The product is a sterile, colorless solution that has been filtered for sterility.

POLR2J Human

Polymerase (RNA) II (DNA directed) Polypeptide J Human Recombinant

Recombinant human POLR2J, produced in E. coli, is a non-glycosylated polypeptide chain with a molecular weight of 15.7 kDa. It consists of 140 amino acids, including amino acids 1 to 117 of the POLR2J sequence, and a 23 amino acid His-tag at the N-terminus. Purification is achieved through proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT4869
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
A clear, colorless and sterile solution.

POLR2K Human

Polymerase (RNA) II (DNA directed) Polypeptide K Human Recombinant

POLR2K Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 81 amino acids (1-58 a.a) and having a molecular mass of 9.4kDa. POLR2K is fused to a 23 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT4951
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
Sterile Filtered colorless solution.

POLR3H Human

Polymerase (RNA) III (DNA directed) Polypeptide H Human Recombinant

This product contains a purified version of the human POLR3H protein. It's produced in a lab using E. coli bacteria and has been modified to include a 'His-tag' for easy purification. The protein is provided in a solution without any sugar molecules attached and has a molecular weight of 25.3kDa. When analyzed using SDS-PAGE, a technique to separate proteins, it might appear larger than its actual size.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT5015
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
The product is a clear solution that has been sterilized by filtration.

POLE3 Human

Polymerase (DNA Directed), Epsilon 3 Human Recombinant

Recombinant human POLE3 protein, expressed in E. coli, is a single polypeptide chain with a molecular weight of 19 kDa. The protein consists of 170 amino acids, with residues 1-147 corresponding to the POLE3 sequence. A 23-amino acid His-tag is present at the N-terminus. Purification is achieved using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT4533
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
The product is a clear solution that has been sterilized by filtration.

POLR1C Human

Polymerase (RNA) I (DNA directed) Polypeptide C Human Recombinant

This product consists of the human POLR1C protein, recombinantly produced in E. coli bacteria. It is a single polypeptide chain, meaning it is a single, linear chain of amino acids. The protein is not glycosylated, meaning it does not have sugar molecules attached to it. It contains 369 amino acids in total, with the first 346 amino acids forming the POLR1C protein itself. A 23-amino acid His-tag is attached to the protein's N-terminus (beginning) to aid in purification. The protein has a molecular weight of 41.6 kDa and is purified using specialized chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT4627
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
The product is a sterile, colorless solution that has been filtered for purity.
Definition and Classification

Polymerase (RNA) (DNA directed) polypeptide, commonly known as DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, is an enzyme that synthesizes RNA from a DNA template. It is classified into several types based on the organism and the specific function it performs. In eukaryotes, there are three main types: RNA polymerase I, II, and III, each responsible for transcribing different classes of genes.

Biological Properties

Key Biological Properties: DNA-dependent RNA polymerases are essential for the transcription process, converting genetic information from DNA into RNA. They possess catalytic activity that facilitates the addition of ribonucleotides to the growing RNA chain.

Expression Patterns: The expression of RNA polymerases is tightly regulated and varies depending on the cell type and developmental stage. For instance, RNA polymerase II is ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic cells due to its role in transcribing mRNA.

Tissue Distribution: RNA polymerases are found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. Their distribution can vary, with some being more abundant in tissues with high transcriptional activity, such as the liver and brain.

Biological Functions

Primary Biological Functions: The primary function of DNA-dependent RNA polymerases is to transcribe DNA into RNA. This process is crucial for gene expression and the production of proteins.

Role in Immune Responses: RNA polymerases play a role in the immune response by transcribing genes involved in the production of cytokines and other immune-related proteins.

Pathogen Recognition: Some RNA polymerases are involved in the recognition of viral RNA, triggering antiviral responses.

Modes of Action

Mechanisms with Other Molecules and Cells: RNA polymerases interact with various transcription factors and regulatory proteins to initiate and regulate transcription. They bind to promoter regions of DNA and unwind the DNA helix to access the template strand.

Binding Partners: RNA polymerases have several binding partners, including transcription factors, coactivators, and repressors, which modulate their activity.

Downstream Signaling Cascades: The activity of RNA polymerases can trigger downstream signaling cascades that influence cell growth, differentiation, and response to external stimuli.

Regulatory Mechanisms

Regulatory Mechanisms: The expression and activity of RNA polymerases are controlled by multiple regulatory mechanisms, including transcriptional regulation and post-translational modifications.

Transcriptional Regulation: Transcription factors and other regulatory proteins bind to specific DNA sequences to enhance or repress the transcription of RNA polymerase genes.

Post-Translational Modifications: RNA polymerases undergo various post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation, acetylation, and ubiquitination, which can alter their activity and stability.

Applications

Biomedical Research: RNA polymerases are used in research to study gene expression and regulation. They are also employed in techniques such as reverse transcription and RNA sequencing.

Diagnostic Tools: RNA polymerases are utilized in diagnostic assays to detect the presence of specific RNA sequences, aiding in the diagnosis of diseases.

Therapeutic Strategies: Targeting RNA polymerases has therapeutic potential in treating diseases such as cancer and viral infections. Inhibitors of RNA polymerases are being developed as antiviral and anticancer agents.

Role in the Life Cycle

Role Throughout the Life Cycle: RNA polymerases play a critical role throughout the life cycle, from development to aging and disease. During development, they regulate the expression of genes necessary for cell differentiation and growth. In aging, changes in RNA polymerase activity can affect gene expression patterns, contributing to age-related diseases.

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